If we are in such a great recovery, then why are Americans raiding their 401(k) accounts, which involve taking a 40% hit, at a record pace?
When someone takes a “hardship withdrawal” from a 401(k) or IRA, then he is clearly desperate. Such a move is otherwise unthinkable: (a) it depletes retirement savings that would otherwise be disbursed at a lower tax rate during the latter part of your life, and (b) it requires a 10% early withdrawal penalty ON TOP OF the money being lumped into your taxable income, thereby impacting your marginal tax rate!
Let’s say you make $60,000 per year–and let’s assume that after tax credits and all, your taxable income is about $35,000. Now let’s say you have $300,000 in your 401(k).
Now let’s say you lose your job. No big deal…you have 3 months worth of expenses saved. (Plus you can get unemployment.)
3 months later, your pucker factor starts rising. You still haven’t found a job, your severance money is running low, and you might have to start living on credit cards.
5 months later, you are on credit cards. Balances are getting higher, and you know the interest is going to bite you badly if you don’t change course. The job market still sucks. No relief in sight.
In this move of desperation, you see $300K in your 401(k). You figure after taxes and penalties, you still have $180K. You make the hardship withdrawal.
You may have bought yourself some time, but you now have to face some reality:
(a) your retirement assets are now gone. You’d better hope you can work at least 20 more years–saving diligently and investing wisely–to have any hope of even a meager retirement.
(b) you just put yourself in a nasty tax bracket, as that 401(k) money is added to your regular income, for which you will be taxed for the good of the full faith and credit of the United States of America. Thank you sir, may I have another…
My point: this is not what people do in an economic recovery.
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